Combined type-writing and computing machine.



H. L. PITMAN.

COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

' APPLlCATlON FILED SEPT- 22. 1914 Patented Nov. 6, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l INVENTOR:

' ATTOB Y.

WITNESSES:

H. L. PITMAN.

COMBlNED TYPE WRLTING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT- 2. I914.

Patented Nov. 6, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEY.

H. L. PITMAN. COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2. 19M- 6 m o m am Z A STATES OFFICE.

HENRY L. PITMAN, OF I'INEVILLE, KENTUCKY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,

TO UNDERWOOD COMPUTING MACHINE- COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPO- RATION or NEW YORK.

COMBINED TYPE-WRITING Am) comru'rme rmcnnm.

I Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 6, 1917-.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY L. PITMAN,

a citizen-of the United States, residing in Pineville, in the county of Bell and State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Type- VVriting and Computing Machines, of which the following is a speci cation.

This invention relates to computing machines, particularly combined typewriting and computing machines, and is illustrated for convenience as applied to the machine illustrated in Patent N 0. 1,045,434, granted to me November 26, 1912. One feature of the invention relates to the carry-over mechanism, whereby tens 'are either carried or borrowed.

' The principal object of said feature of invention is to provide'simple and effective means for carrying over, particularly when provision must be made for carrying simultaneously along a large number of wheels. In order to makea machine of this class inexpensive to manufacture, and easy working, it is desirable that there should be a certain looseness and play of the joints; but when this play ismultipled throughout a long series of wheels, the last wheel is liable not to be sufliciently rotated, which is an objection. Any ordinary carry-over mechanism will answer for carrying tens simultaneously along four or five number wheels, or even six, even if no spring detents or justifiers be employed; but it is often desired to employ as many as nine number wheels in a totalizer; and one of the objects of this invention is to provide a carry-over mechanism which will prove eflicient for a totalizer having nine or even more wheels.

As shown in said patent, a master-wheel is provided for a set of com uting wheels, and provision is made for re ative step-bystep movement between the master-wheel and the computing wheels. The carryingover is effected by means of a gang of idle pinions, which are associated w1th the master-wheel in such a way that a relative stepby-step movement is produced between thegang of computing wheels on the one hand,

and the master-Wheel with a gang of carryover pinions on the other hand, the carryover pinions being loosely supported on the same shaft which carries and drives the master-Wheel. Each number wheel has a single carry-over tooth, which once in each revolution engages one of the carry-over pinions, thereby rotating the same one point; and this carry-over pinion in its turn rotates the next higher number wheel one point, being for this purpose in mesh with a pinion that is fixed to said higher number Wheel. No carry-over pinions ever stand at the right of the master-wheel, since all of the carrying is done toward the left, proceeding from the master-wheel. During the relative step-by-step movements between the number wheels and the gang of carry-over pinions, the latter move successively into engagement with different number wheels, but there are always carry-over trains ready for operating onall the number wheels of higher denomination than that which is engaged by the master-wheel at any time.

According to one feature of the present invention, one or more of the number wheels of higher denomination than that which is being actuated by the master-wheel, may be coupled to the drive or master-wheel shaft, to be driven directly thereby at the carryover operation. There are fixed to the drive shaft one or more pinions for this purpose. hese pinions normally revolve idly, but when a number wheel is moving from 9 to 0, it couples the next higher number wheel to one of said pinions fixed on the drive. shaft, so that said shaft directly drives the number wheel of higher denomination simultaneously with the driving of a number wheel of lower denomination by the master-wheel itself. In other words, the drive shaft may be regarded as having one drive pinion which is constantly in use as a master-wheel, and also as having one or more subordinate drive pinions which are in" the nature of temporary master-wheels for use only at the carry-over operations.

Each number or computing wheel has a carry-over tooth, which may be used for coupling the next higher computing wheel to a temporary driving pinion or sub-master-wheel on the drive shaft. This carryover tooth provided on each of the number wheels may resemble the carry-over tooth common in this art, and may rotate into mesh with the teeth of one of the loose carryover pinions, and temporarily couple the same to the adjoining sub-master-wheel or pinion fixed on the drive shaft. Thereby the drive shaft is caused positively to drive the number wheel of higher denomination to the necessary extent. Since it becomes unnecessary to rely very much, if at all, upon the old spring detent or justifier to complete the movement of the higher wheel, it follows that the labor of rotating a large number of wheels simultaneousl at a carryover operation may be reduce so that it becomes more feasible to operate the number wheels by direct drive from the keys of a typewriter; although the invention is not limited to a machine in which the number wheels are driven directly by the keys, since it is also applicable to machines in which the number wheels are power driven.

Another of the present improvements relates to the division of the number wheels into groups to conform with the usual separation of figures on the work-sheet by punctuation marks or blank spaces.

It has heretofore been proposed to separate the number wheels into groups, in machines in which there is no relative traveling movement between the number wheels and the carry-over trains therefor. In the class of mechanism illustrated inthe drawings there is, however, such relative movement, and consequently each of the carryover trains of idle wheels may connect with the successive number wheels, as a number is being computed. It is hence necessary for the idle carry-over pinions to each adjoin one another without gap at any place.

Owing to this necessity, it has heretofore also been deemed necessary for the number wheels to adjoin each the next one, in the same way, without gaps, for punctuation or pointing-ofi' places. According to this feature of the present improvements, however,

the number wheels may be spaced into groups, although there is used a gang of carry-over pinions which are not spaced into groups, and between which and the number wheels there is a relative traveling movement.

In the gang or bank of number wheels there are provided gaps for pointing off, each gap preferably equal to the width of a number wheel. The gaps or spaces between groups of number wheels are preferably formed by making one of the number wheels of double width; that is, the number wheel at the right of the gap. On the left-hand or blank portion of the double-width wheel is provided a carry-over tooth, in such position that it skips one of the idle carryover pinions. Only one carry-over pinion is in engagement with any number wheel, whether the latter be of normal size or double width. In other Words, of the two carryover pinions which stand opposite the wide number Wheel, only one of them (the higher) is brought into use by said number wheel, the other one (the lower) being out of register with the carry-over tooth on said number wheel. Thus, at certain times, every fourth idle pinion may temporarily drop out of use.

In order to guard against accidental rotation of these temporarily useless carryover pinions, there are provided locks opposite the punctuation spaces in the totalizer. These locks may be in the form of fingers which travel With the totalizer and engage the idle carry-over wheels in succession. This improvement is not, however, limited to machines having the sub-master-wheels above referred to.

When not driven the number wheels are normally locked by a bail universal to all of them, which, however, at the striking of any numeral key is released to permit the rotation of any number wheel which happens to be in register with the master-wheel. Other locks, however, come into play for all number wheels above the ,master-wheelengaging number wheel, which will yield under control from the number wheel next below when the latter comes to zero, so as to enable a tens-carrying or borrowing operation.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings- Figure 1 is a view similar to Fi 3 of said Patent No. 1,045,434, but showing the present improvements applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of idle pinions and temporary driving pinions, the former loose upon the master-wheel shaft and the latter fixed thereto; one of said temporary driving pinions being shown as formed integral with the master-wheel. In this view the parts are partly disassembled.

Fig. 3 is a part sectional view to illustrate the details of the carry-over trains.

Fig. 4 is a sectional side elevation illustrating the position of the parts at the beginning of a carry-over operation.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4, and illustrating the position of the parts at the completion of a carry-over operation.

Fig. 6 is a part sectional front elevation illustrating the principal portion of a totalizer embodying the present improvements. 4

Fig. 7 is a perspective view to illustrate the device for temporarily locking one of each pair of the idle carry-over pinions "which stand opposite the wide number wheels in the totalizer at any time.

Fig.8 is a perspective view showin the relation of the locks to the number w eels.

Fig. 9 is a detail view showing the pointed form of a carry-over tooth enabling the same to engage the sub-master-wheel properly.

Fig. 10 is a sectional side view of a combined typewriting and computing machine, showing my invention as applied thereto.

At Fig. l is shown a master-wheel 1 fixed upon a revoluble shaft 2, driven by a gear 3, as shown in said above-mentioned patent, to which reference is made for explanation of features not shown or explained herein. This gear 3 may connect to the numeral keys of a typewriter, or to other source of power, for driving the master-wheel shaft 2 variable extents, as determined by the numeral keys operated. Step-by-step feeding movement is effected between the master-wheel 1 and a gang of number wheels 4 by means disclosed in said patent; said master-wheel meshing in succession with gears 5, each fixed to a number wheel, for turning the same. 8 The carrying from number wheel to number wheel is effected by idle wheels or pinions 6, loosely mounted, and meshing with the gears 5 to drive the latter. In other words, the idle pinions 6 may form a connection between one number wheel and the number wheel of next higher denomination. On each number wheel may be provided a carry-over tooth 7, which once in each revolution will. mesh with anidle pinion 6, whereby the latter is caused to rotate and hence drive the gear 5 of the next higher number wheel, thus advancing the latter one point.

- The idle pinions are carried loosely upon the master-wheel shaft 2, and form a bank or gang, relatively to which there is effected the usual step-by-step movement of the number wheels 4, as explained in said patent, whereby the master-wheel 1 may operate successively upon the number wheel gears 5,

and whereby all of the gears 5 which are at any time to theleft of the master-wheel 1 are in mesh with idle carry-over pinions 6; those number wheels at the right of the master-wheel, as seen at Fig. 3, not needing any carry-over trains.

Where the number wheels are very numerous, difficulty is likely to arise in the carryover operation, owing to the desirability of having all of the arts loosely fitted in order to economize in manufacture. This difficulty is due to the accumulation of play in a long train of gearing, with the result that if it be attempted to carry on all number wheels at the same time, the highest wheel in the gang might fail to turn far enough.

This difliculty, of course, would not occur where there are only a few number wheels in a totalizer. One of the methods heretofore adopted for overcoming this diflicult is to use spring detents or justifiers whic bring the number wheels to proper positions. In order to avoid this necessity of relying wholly or mainly upon these spring detents (although it is obvious that spring detents may be used on the number wheels here shown, if desired), and to guard against the above-mentioned difiiculties and insure proper carrying at all times, the present invention provides one or more special pinions 8, which are designed to serve temporarily as master-wheels for driving number wheels of higher denominations at the carryover operation, than the number wheel on which the main master-wheel 1 is operating at the time. Like the main masterwheel, these sub-master-wheels 8 are fixed to rotate with the drive-shaft 2. For convenience the latter may have a longitudinal groove 9 to receive right-angle splines or keys 10, the latter comprising arms 11 to fit in radial grooves 12 in the hubs 13 of the sub-master-wheels 8. The idle pinions 6 fit loosely upon the hubs 13, and, in assembling, the splines 10, 11 may be placed in the grooves 9, 12, where they will be retained b the adjoining sub-master-wheels 8 and t eir hubs 13; the spline 10 forming a hook catching within the hub 13, to prevent displacement of the spline in radial direction. All of the carry-over trains are confined between an arm 14 of a bracket 15 and an arm 16 extending from said bracket and having a boss 17 to form a bearing for the masterwheel shaft 2.

One of these submaster-wheels 8 may be provided for each of the idle wheels 6, and also one 8 may beintegral with the masterwheel 1; although, as seen at Fig. 6, these sub-mafler-wheels may be omitted in the case of the last three or four idle wheels at the left of the gang as being unnecessary. The function of the sub-master-wheels 8 is to positively drive one point a number of the wheels of higher denomination than the wheelwith which the master-wheel 1 is in engagement. tooth 7 on the number wheel swings into position to form a coupler between the submaster-wheel 8 and its companion idle pinion 6, as seen in the case of the second and third number wheels from the left at Fig. 3. This tooth 7 serves as such coupler while the wheels are rotating from the position at Fig. 4 to the position at Fig. 5. The submaster-wheel 8 positively drives the tooth 7, and thereby positively drives the gear 5 which is fixed to the number wheel of higher denomination. Hence there can be no lagging back of the last-mentioned wheel, and

To this end, the carry-over hence tens can be simultaneously carried on all of the humber wheels without encountering the difliculty above explained.

The tip of the carry-over tooth 7 may be pointed, as at Fig. 9, so as to insure its entering into mesh with the sub-master-wheels 8, even if the latter, owing to any looseness of the parts, should creep ahead of the idle Wheels 6 of the higher denominations.

The wheels 8 and 6 may be of similar contour, if desired; but preferably the tips of the teeth of the wheels 8 are trimmed or cut ofi down to the pitch line,,as shown; and the sides of the wheels 6 are countersunk to receive the trimmed wheels 8. The presence of the latter does not call for additional space in the machine. The tips of the teeth on the pinions 6 are left full size, or overhanging, as at 6*, which is an advantage, especially where .these wheels must be thin, as is sometimes the case when used in typewriting machines.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that when the drive-shaft 2 and the master-wheel 1 are rotated, the gear 5 in mesh with the master-wheel is turned accordingly, together with its number wheel 4; and that thereupon thegang of number wheels is advanced to bring the succeeding gear 5 into mesh with the master-wheel 1, as explained in said patent. Whenever any number wheel 4 1s completing a rotation, its carry-over tooth 7 meshes with both the idle pinion 6 and the rying takes place,

sub-master-wheel 8, and serves as a temporary coupling device to connect 6 and 8 together, whereby 8 is enabled to drive 6, together with'the gear 5 which is in mesh with 6; and hence the higher number wheel, which is fastened to 5, is turned one point, while the parts move from the Fig. 4 position to the Fig. 5 position, or vice versa. If several of the number wheels stand at 9 when carthe temporary driving of the number wheels by the sub-master-wheels 8 becomes important, because full strokes of all the number wheels in moving from 9 to O are thereby secured, and no difliculty arises even if there is looseness of the parts. Owing to the avoidance of the necessity for depending mainly on spring detents, the operation, of the wheels is bound to be very light, thus making the invention very de sirable for use with key-driven number wheels; although it is obvious that light spring detentsor justifiers may be employed in connection with the present invention, if found desirable for any reason.

As shown in Fig. 6, the three or four idle pinions 6 at the left of the series may be depended upon to carry over properly without the use of the sub-master-wheels 8, and hence the latter may be omitted in some cases. Thus the gang at Fig. 6 comprises some ordinary idle pinions, and a series of combined idle pinions and sub-master-wheels between the ordinary idle pinions and the main master-wheel 1; this being the preferred form of the invention. While it is preferred to have the idle pinions on the same shaft as the master-wheel, it will be understood that this is not necessary in all cases, so long as the sub-master-wheels are driven positivel and are mounted to cotiperate suitably with the idle pinions 6.

When it is desired to effect subtraction, the direction of rotation of the master-wheel shaft 2 may be reversed and other computations may be performed, as explained in said patent. WVhen subtraction is being performed, the carry-over teeth 7 serve as couplers, in the manner already explained in connection with addition.

Normally, all the number wheels 4 are locked against rotation when none of the numeral keys are actuated, by a bail 18 universal to all of the number wheels 4, and arranged to engage between the teeth of the gears 5. The bail 18 is secured to a rock shaft 19, held by a spring 20 in such a position that the bail 18 will engage between teeth of the gears 5, preventing any rotation whatsoever until a numeral key is struck. When a numeral key is actuated, a locking dog 21, which is similar to the locking dog 54 described in the above-mentioned patent, will not only come between the teeth of a rack 22, but will also engage a bail 23 extending the full length of the series of number wheels. The bail 23 is secured to the shaft 19, so that the dog 21 will rock the shaft 19 against the tension of the spring 20, thereby moving the bail 18 out of engagement with all of the gears 5, permitting the number wheels 4 to rotate.

One of the number wheels 4 will be in register with the master-wheel 1, so that it maybe rotated directly. It is, however, de-

sirable to prevent any rotation ofall higher number wheels except a tens-carrying movement of one step. For this purpose, there are provided a series of pawls or dogs 24, each pivotally mounted, as at 25, on a floating lever 26, pivoted at 27. The floating 1e ver 26 for the number wheel 4 in reglster with the master wheel is free to rise and fall, thereby permitting the dog 24 to be cammed out from between the teeth of the associated gear 5. The floating levers 26 for all higher number wheels, however, are looked against upward movement by a stationary locking bar 28, which extends just short of the'master-wheel 1, along the number wheels 4, so as to take in all of the number wheels which extend above the particular one in register with the master wheel. I

Now, then, the only way in which the dogs 24 can release their number wheels 4, is by rocking about their pivots 25; this is prevented in all cases except where there is tens carrying. To do this, each dog has a tail 29, whlch projects to such a position that it will contact with and overlie the number wheel next lower in denomination to the one which it locks. Normally, this tail 29 rides on the surface of the next lower number wheel so that the dog 24 cannot rock out from between the teeth of the gear 5 of this number wheel 4.

When, however, a number wheel of lower denomination comes to such a point that it will exhibit 0, that is, as it makes a complete revolution, the tail 29 may drop into a depression 30 found in this number wheel, so that as the tens-carrying mechanism, including a carry-over tooth 7 a carry-over wheel 6, and a sub-master-wheel 8, acts, the dog 24 will be free to swing about its pivot 25 to permit merely a one-step movement of its number wheel which is next higher in denomination to the number wheel just having completed a revolution. soon as zero is passed in this number wheel of lower denomination, the tail 29 rides out of the depression 30 onto the periphery of the number wheel, preventing any further rotation of the next higher number wheel.

We have, then, the number wheels locked at all times except when computing, that is, when a numeral key is in action, and also all number wheels of higher denomination than the particular number wheel in register with the master-wheel locked, even when a computing operation is going on, except when the next lower number wheel is completing a revolution to eflect a tens-carrying operation.

Inasmuch as this improvement is generally used in connection with a combined typewriting and computing machine, wherein the numbers are written at the same time that they are computed, allowance must be made for the punctuation or pointing off of spaces, as the numbers may be written thus,999,999.99. That is to say, allowance must be made for the comma spacing the hundreds from the thousands, and the decimal point between dollars and cents.

To do this, the tens of cents wheel, indicated specifically at 31, and the hundreds of dollars wheel, indicated specifically at 32, are made double the width of the other number wheels. On these broad number wheels 31 and 32, the tens-carrying tooth 7, which acts as a coupler, is located at the extreme left of each broad number'wheel,

' so as to span an intermediate carry-over wheel with its assoclated sub-master-wheel 8, thereby allowing'for the increased width, and carrying properly to the next higher number wheel. There will then be several of the carry-over wheels 6 idle at any particular moment, and, in fact, as the computing head or totalizer as a whole travels, all of the carry-over wheels 6 will be idle at some time or other.

In order to prevent accidental rotation of these idle carry-over wheels 6, when not 1n mesh with any of the gears 5, and in order to hold them in a justified position ready to come into mesh with the gears 5 at a subsequent relative movement, there is provided a plurality of locks 33 and 34, one for each punctuation space allowed for. These locks 33 and 34 travel with the series of number wheels 4, and are located so as to come into engagement with whatever carry-over wheels 6 are in register with the spaces corresponding to the extra width of the number wheels allowing for the punctuation marks.

It is thus evident that the carry-over will take place without fail from the lowest number wheel to the highest, even when all are going from 9 to 0 at the same time, and that all of the parts will be locked against accidental action when not being positively driven, orwhen their time for action has not arrived.

The connections between the numeral keys and the computing wheels and carryover mechanism are illustrated in Fig. 10, in which the depression of a numeral key 35 causes a type-bar 36 to print on a platen 37, actuating it through a usual form of connections 38. also causes the master wheel 1 to turn the computing wheel 4; and to effect this, the key depression causes a link 39 to rock upwardly a cam segment 40, thus causing the cam 41 thereof to swing its pendant 42, carrying a slidable rack bar 43 therein, into engagement with its gear 44 fast on a universal shaft 45. At the same time the wheel 46, which normally tends to turn under the influence of the motor 47, is released and turns both the master wheel 1 and the wheel 44 with which it meshes and which is fast to the shaft 45, until the wheel 44 is arrested by the slide which strikes the stop 48. The master wheel 1 is normally locked by means, not shown, and by the dog 49, and the releasing of this dog permits said turning of the wheel 46. fast to the shaft 50 on which the locking dog 21 is fast, and the dogs are operated by the stop 48 which moves slightly and operates the connections shown in said patent (not shown herein), to throw the stop 49 to effective position to arrest the master wheel 1.

Variations may be resorted to within the. scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. The combination with a series of number wheels, ofa positively driven shaft, a,

Depression of the key 35' The dog 49 is on said shaft, a series of gears positively connected to said shaft and alternating with said carry-over wheels, and a coupler se.

cured to each of said number wheels arranged to join its related carry-over wheel in driven relation with the corresponding gear on said shaft.

2. The combination with a series of number wheels, of a gear for each of said number wheels, carry-over wheels arranged to mesh with said gears, a shaft extending loosely through said carry-over wheels, a series of gears fixed on said shaft and alternating with said carry-over wheels, and a coupler on each of said number wheels arranged to mesh with both a gear fixed on said shaft and one of said carry-over wheels, so as to enable the carry-over wheels to be driven'from said shaft, and to positively drive the gear and number wheel of next higher denomination.

3. The combination with a series of number wheels, of a series of carry-over wheels for said number wheels, a shaft extending loosely through said carry-over wheels, a series of gears secured to said shaft and alternating with said carry-over wheels, said gears being of less magnitude thansaid carry-over wheels and encompassed thereby, and a coupler on each of said number whee s arranged to join its related carry-over wheel with the corresponding gears on said shaft, so as to enable said carry-over wheels to be positively driven from said shaft.

4. The combination with a series of number wheels, of a' series of carry-over wheels for said number wheels, a series of gears alternating with said carry-over wheels, a shaft extending through said gears and said carry-over wheels, said carry-over wheels being rabbeted to form a casing in which said gears may revolve, and couplers on said number wheels arranged to join said carry-over wheels and the related gears in fixed relation with respect to each other so that they may rotate in unison.

5. The combination with a series of number wheels, of carry-over mechanism for said number wheels including a shaft, a series of gears on said shaft, every alternate gear being fixed on said shaft and the intermediategears'loose on said shaft, and couplers on said number wheels for joining fixed and loose gears in pairs with each other.

6. The combination with a series of number wheels and a master wheel shaft, of carry-over mechanism for said number wheels, including means fixed on said shaft for taking up the lost motion for several wheels simultaneously during a series carryover for a number. of successive number wheels. 1

7 The combination with a series of number wheels, of a master-wheel for driving said number wheels seriatim, a shaft for driving said master-wheel, a series of carryover wheels for said number wheels, and coupling means for gearing each of said carry-over wheels positively with said shaft at the carry-over operation.

8. The combination of a series of number wheels and a master-wheel for driving said number wheels, a shaft for said masterwheel, carry-over mechanism, and means for taking up lost motion during a carry-over operation, comprising means for connecting said carry-over mechanism directly to said master-wheel shaft to be driven therefrom.

9. The combination with a series of number wheels, of a master-wheel for driving said number wheels, a shaft for driving said master-wheel, carry-over mechanism including a series of gears on said master-wheel shaft, and coupling means for individually joining said gears to said shaft.

10. The combination with a series of number wheels, some of which are of extra width to allow forpunctuation spaces, of a series of carry-over wheels for said number wheels, said carry-over wheels being of uniform width and having their center lines equally spaced, said number wheels and said carryover wheels having a relative step-by-step movement, and locks in register with the extra-width number wheels for preventing accidental rotation of the particular carryover wheels which happen to be in register with the extra-width of said extra-width number wheels at any time during the relative movements between said number wheels and said carry-over wheels.

11. The combination with a series of number wheels, of a gear for each of said number wheels, some of said number wheels being of extra width to allow for punctuation spaces, a series of carry-over wheels for said number wheels arranged to mesh with said gears, said carry-over wheels being of said number wheels having a relative stepby-step movement so that said carry-over wheels will come into successive engagement with successive ones of said gears, certain of said carry-over wheels being idle to correspond with the extra width of said extrawidth number wheels, and locks for said idle carry-over wheels arranged to prevent accidental rotations thereof and keep said idle carry-over wheels in justified positions. said carry-over wheels and said locks having a relative movement corresponding to the relative movement between said number wheels and said carry-over wheels.

12. The combination with a series of traveling number wheels, of a series of carry-over wheels for said number wheels, some of said number wheels being of extra width to allow for punctuation spaces, said carry-over wheels being of uniform width so that as said number wheels travel step by step there will always be a carry-over wheel for number wheels higher than the number wheel being driven to run up a particular number, and a plurality of locks, one for each punctuation space, fixed relatively to said number wheels and traveling relatively to said series of carry-over wheels,-

them against accidental rotation.

13. The combination with a series of number wheels, some of said number wheels being of extra width to allow for punctuation spaces, of a series of carry-over wheels for said number wheels, said carry-over wheels being of uniform width, and carry-over teeth on said number wheels arranged to engage and cause an operation of said carryover Wheels, said carry-over teeth on said extra-width number wheels being spaced so as to bridge and render idle an intermediate carry-over wheel, thereby allowing for the extra width of said extra-width number wheels'with respect to the uniform width of said carry-over wheels.

14. The combination with a series of number wheels, some ofsaid number wheels being of extra width to allow for punctuation spaces, of a series of carry-over wheels for said number wheels, said carry-over wheels being of uniform width, carry-over teeth on said number wheels arranged to engage and cause an operation of said carry-over wheels, said carry-over teeth on said extrawidth number wheels being spaced so as to bridge and render idle an intermediate carry-over wheel, thereby allowing for the extra width of said extra-width number wheels with respect to the uniform width of said carry-over wheels,and locks for engaging the bridged carry-over wheels to maintain them in justified relation and prevent accidental rotations thereof.

15. The combination with a series of number wheels, some of said number wheels being of extra width to allow for punctuation spaces, of a series of carry-over wheels of uniform width, a shaft extending loosely through said carry-over wheels, a series of .gears fixed on said shaft and alternating width number wheels, and locks positively engaging said. idle carry-over wheels to prevent accidental rotations thereof, and to ;maintain such idle carry-over wheels in justified positions. I

16. The combination with a series of number wheels, of a carry-over mechanism for said number Wheels including a shaft having a spline extending continuously lengthwise thereof, a series of carry-over wheels loose on said shaft, a series of sub-wheels alternating with said carry-over wheels, and a key for each of said sub-wheels engaging in said spline and engaging said sub-wheels, said keys being held in position by the next adjacent carry-over wheel.

17 The combination with a series of number wheels, of a carry-over mechanism for said number wheels including a shaft, a S6: ries of carry-over wheels loose on said shaft, said shaft having a spline therein extending lengthwise thereof, a series of subwheels alternating with said carry-over wheels and each having a radial groove therein, and L-shaped keys engaging in said spline and said radial grooves for locking said sub-Wheels to said shaft, each of said keys beingheld in position. by the juxtaposed carry-over wheel.

18. The combination with a series of number wheels, of a master-wheel for driving said number wheels, a carry-over wheel, and a s11b-master-wheel connected to move in synchronism with said first mentioned master-wheel at each of its movements, said sub-master-wheel constituting a driving element for effecting a carrying operation through said carry-over wheel from a number wheel of lower denomination to the number wheel of next higher denomination.

19. The combination with a series of number wheels, of a master-wheel for driving said number wheels sem'atz'm, a master-wheel shaft for driving said master-wheel, a series of sub-master-wheels secured to said shaft at spaced intervals, a series of carry-over wheels dispersed between said sub-masterwheels, and couplers for said number wheels arranged in groups of two or more capable of coupling individuals of spaced groups of said carry-over wheels with said submaster-wheels, said groups of carry-over wheels being spaced by an idle carry-over wheel.

20. The combination with a series of number wheels, of a master-wheel for driving said number wheels seriatim, a lock universal to all of said number wheels acting to prevent rotations of said number wheels when said master-wheel is silent, individual locks for said number wheels controlled from the next lower number wheel to prevent rotation of the next higher number wheel than the controlling number wheel, and means for preventing the release of said individual locks for all number wheels higher than the number wheel being driven by said master-wheel except when the next lower number wheel controlling the individual locks comes to zero in completing a revolution of such number Wheel.

21. The combination with a series of number wheels, of a master-wheel for driving said number wheels sem'atz'm, a lock universal to all of said number wheels acting to prevent rotations of said number wheels when said master-wheel is silent, individual locks for said number wheels controlled from the next lower number wheel to prevent rotation of the next higher number wheel than the controlling number wheel, means for preventing the release of said individual locks for all number wheels higher than the number wheel being driven by said master-wheel except when the next lower number wheel controlling the individual locks comes to zero in completing a revolution of such number wheel, said number wheels each having a gear thereon, carryover wheels meshing with said gears, said carry-over wheels being of uniform width and locked from said number wheels when said number wheels are locked through the engagement with said gears, some of said number wheels being of extra width to allow for punctuation spaces, thereby leaving some of said carry-over wheels which are in register with the extra width of said extra-width number wheels free from engagement with any of said gears, and locks for preventing rotation of such free carryover wheels.

22. The combination with number wheels, of carry-over mechanism, and a drive shaft for said number wheels having one drive p1n1on which is constantly 1n use as a master-wheel, and also having one or more subordinate drive pinions which are in the nature of temporary master-wheels for use only at the carry-over operations, sald subordinate drive pinions having individual driving connections from said shaft.

23. The combination with number wheels, of a master-wheel therefor, a master-wheel shaft, pinions fixed on the master-wheel shaft and normally revolving idly with the master wheel, and means to couple the pinions to the number wheels temporarily, so

that said shaft directly drives the number wheels of higher denominations simultaneously with the driving of a number wheel of lower denomination by the master-wheel itself.

24. The combination with a series of numpinions to carry tens on said number wheels.

25. The combination with a series of number wheels spaced into groups, of a masterwheel, a set of carry-over pinions, said pinions being unspaced, means for producing a relative step-by-step movement between said carry-over 'pinions and said master-wheel considered as a group, and said number wheels, means for enabling said pinions to carry on said number wheels, and releasable dogs for said number wheels, each havinga tail to overlie the next lower wheel.

26. The combination with a series of number wheels spaced into groups, of a masterwheel, a set of carrying-over pinions, said pinions being unspaced, means for producing a relative step-by step movement between said carry-over pinions and said master-wheel considered as a group, and said number wheels, means for enabling said pinions to carry ten's on said number wheels, and releasable'dogs for said number wheels, each having a tail to overlie the next lower wheel, said dogs being movable to permit only a one-space movement of the higher number wheel.

27. The combination with a series of number wheels, of a master-wheel for driving said number wheels, a shaft for driving said master-wheel a series of carry-over wheels for said number wheels, and means effective during a series carry-over from the number wheel engaged by the master-wheel to a plurality of number wheels of higher order, for establishing individual driving CODDBCtiOIIL from said shaft to each of a plurality of the carry-over wheels taking part in said series carry-over.

28. In a computing machine, the combination with numeral keys, computing wheels, a master-wheel, and carry-over mechan sm for carrying from lowerto higher order, of means for driving said master-wheel and carry-over mechanism from said keys, and additional driving connections from said keys to parts of said carry-over mechamsm to assist said mechanism'when effecting a carrying operation.

- HENRY L. PITMAN.

Witnesses:

THOMAS J. EVANS, J. S. BINGHAM.

- DISCLAIMER. 1,245,501.-Henry L. Pitman, Pineville, Ky. ICOMBINED'TYPEWRITING AND COM- mm MACHINE. Patent dated November 6, 1917 Disclaimer filed October 19, 1922, bythe assignee, Underwood Gomymfing Macliim Uompany. Hereby enters this disclaimer, to wit: 7 As to claim 28 of said Letters Patent, any construction thereof, or employment as part of the subject-matter thereof, wherein or whereby the additional driving connections, mentioned therein, are not direct connections from the numeral keys to the carry-over mechanism; or does not involve a direct rather than an indirect action of such additional driving connections by power coming from the key-levers, within the p11 ort of the decision, rendered December 11, 1919,7by the Board of Examiners-inhief, of the United States Patent Oflice, in a patent interference proceeding,'No. 42,049, entitled Pitnum v. Goldberg.

[Ofimkzl Gazette N o uemb'er 7, 1922.] 

